Black holes are among the strangest and most fascinating objects in the universe. They're so dense and have such a strong gravitational pull that even light cannot escape their grasp if it gets close enough. With his general theory of relativity, Albert Einstein predicted the existence of black holes for the first time in 1916. Many years later, in 1967, American astronomer John Wheeler coined the term "black hole." After decades of only knowing black holes as theoretical objects, the first physical black hole was discovered in 1971.The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) collaboration then released the first image of a black hole in 2019. The EHT discovered the black hole in the centre of galaxy M87 while studying the event horizon, or the region beyond which nothing can escape from a black hole. The image depicts the abrupt loss of photons (particles of light). Now that astronomers know what a black hole looks like, it opens up a whole new area of research in black holes.
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The Earth is our home, and it is the only place in the universe where we can be certain that life exists. Earth formed from a swirling cloud of gas and dust 4.5 billion years ago, giving rise to our entire solar system, including our star, the sun. According to the best scientific theories, this gas and dust collapsed into a disc, with different parts of the disc coalescing into each of our solar system's planets.According to Universe Today, our planet is located in a small corner of the Milky Way galaxy, 25,000 light-years from the galactic centre and 25,000 light-years from the rim. Our solar system is located on the Orion-Cygnus arm, which is a minor branch of the Sagittarius arm, one of the galaxy's two major spiral arms. The Earth is the largest rocky planet in the solar system, with a circumference of 24,901 miles (40,075 kilometres). Our planet orbits the sun at a distance of 93 million miles (150,000 km), providing the ideal temperature for persistent liquid water on the surface, making it the only known body to do so.
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Jupiter, the fifth planet from the sun, is the stuff of watercolour dreams. Vibrant bands of clouds ripple around its thick atmosphere, forming a world large enough to fit more than 1,300 Earths inside. Its Great Red Spot appears to be peering out from the swirling vapours like a massive eye in the face of a striped giant. Jupiter, though seemingly serene from the relative safety of our home world, is a chaotic and stormy place. The spots and swirls on the gas giant planet are caused by massive storms that whip up prevailing winds as fast as 335 miles per hour at the equator—faster than any known wind on Earth.
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After Mercury, Venus, and Earth, Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun. It's a rocky planet roughly half the size of Earth. Some similarities exist between Mars and Earth. Both planets have seasons, as well as ice layers at their north and south poles. However, unlike Earth, Mars' surface is cold and dry, with only a thin atmosphere dominated by carbon dioxide gas. It gets its name from the Roman god of war.
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After Mercury, Venus, and Earth, Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun. It's a rocky planet roughly half the size of Earth. Some similarities exist between Mars and Earth. Both planets have seasons, as well as ice layers at their north and south poles. However, unlike Earth, Mars' surface is cold and dry, with only a thin atmosphere dominated by carbon dioxide gas. It gets its name from the Roman god of war.
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The Milky Way is a barred spiral galaxy that is approximately 13.6 billion years old and has large pivoting arms that stretch across the cosmos. According to Las Cumbres Observatory, its disc is approximately 100,000 light-years across and only 1000 light-years thick. The solar system orbits the centre of the Milky Way in the same way that Earth orbits the sun. According to Interesting Engineering, despite travelling through space at speeds of around 515,000mph (828,000kmph), it takes our solar system approximately 250 million years to complete a single revolution. When our planet was in this position the last time, dinosaurs were just emerging and mammals had yet to evolve. If the Milky Way were a city, we'd be living in suburbia, about 25,000 to 30,000 light-years away. Life on the outskirts is good; we're in one of the smaller neighbourhoods, the Orion-Cygnus Arm, which is sandwiched between the larger Perseus and Carina-Sagittarius arms. The Scutum-Centaurus and Norma arms can be found if we travel inwards towards the city centre.
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The moon, also known as the Earth's Moon, is an astronomical body that orbits the planet and serves as the planet's sole permanent natural satellite. It is the fifth-largest satellite in the Solar System and the largest among planetary satellites in terms of size relative to the planet it orbits. It is thought to have formed when a massive rock smashed into the earth around 4.5 billion years ago, shortly after the solar system began to form. In 1610, the Moon was discovered. It is 384,400 kilometres away from the Earth.
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